416 papers
Cell biology is the study of life at its most fundamental unit: the cell. This field explores how these microscopic building blocks function, communicate, and replicate to sustain living organisms, from the simplest bacteria to complex human tissues. By understanding the machinery inside a cell, scientists unlock secrets about growth, disease, and the very nature of existence itself.
At Gist.Science, we track every new preprint uploaded to bioRxiv within this dynamic category. Our team processes each submission to provide both accessible plain-language explanations and detailed technical summaries, ensuring you can grasp complex discoveries without getting lost in dense jargon. Below are the latest papers in cell biology, offering a fresh look at the inner workings of life as they are shared with the world.
Using ovarian adenocarcinoma spheroids and computational modeling, this study reveals that collective tissue invasion is driven not by cells pushing through barriers via jamming, but by leader cells inducing apical constriction in the barrier tissue through intercellular integrin adhesions, which mechanically ruptures the barrier.
This study reveals that Homer scaffolding proteins function as polarity-sensitive, phase-separating condensates that integrate Crumbs complex cues to differentially regulate YAP and Wnt signaling pathways through distinct interactions with FRYL and PATJ, thereby coordinating cell growth and transcriptional output in both development and cancer.
The paper introduces FAβ-gal, an automated, fluorescence-based quantification method that leverages the far-red fluorescence of the X-gal assay's indigo product to provide a sensitive, unbiased, and reproducible measurement of cellular senescence in both cell cultures and tissue sections.
This study reveals that a hierarchical tethering mechanism involving LEM-2 and Emerin buffers nuclear envelope assembly against lipid flux imbalances by prioritizing LEM-2 binding sites, thereby preventing membrane invasions and nuclear instability caused by phosphatidylcholine dysregulation.
This study validates the expression of Tau protein in various non-neuronal human and mouse tissues, including the kidney, muscle, and pancreas, suggesting that its dysregulation may contribute to diseases beyond neurodegeneration.
This study demonstrates that CRISPR/dCas13-mediated steric interference can specifically disrupt RNA-protein interactions, such as CNBP binding to GA-rich mRNA elements, to reprogram mRNA localization and alter cell motility, providing a tool for investigating the long-term functional consequences of RNA distribution.
This study demonstrates that while IL5 and IL33 both activate human eosinophils, IL33 induces a distinct, transient pear-shaped polarization followed by a flattened, less polarized morphology with reduced motility and increased cell death on periostin and fibrinogen surfaces, highlighting how specific cytokine activators and adhesive substrates jointly regulate eosinophil cytoskeletal reorganization and functional behavior.
This study reveals that cystinosin and its yeast homolog Ers1 function in the early secretory pathway to maintain redox homeostasis, rather than solely acting as lysosomal cystine transporters, thereby providing new insights into the molecular pathology of cystinosis.
This study demonstrates that the innate immunity receptors CD14 and TLR4 act as tissue-specific co-receptors that, through MyD88-dependent kinase signaling and circadian replenishment, collaborate with other receptors like MerTK and CD36 to regulate the daily peak of photoreceptor outer segment phagocytosis in retinal pigment epithelium cells.
This study reveals that the Parkinson's disease-associated LRRK2 G2019S mutation induces reactive oxygen species-dependent nuclear DNA damage, leading to unresolved base excision repair and cytotoxic PARP1 hyperactivation that renders cells vulnerable to PARP-trapping inhibitors.